When plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, builds up on teeth and gums through neglectful brushing/flossing habits, it causes gingivitis – an inflammation of the gums. If left untreated or managed improperly, this infection can spread below the gumline into periodontal pockets. Harmful microorganisms multiply rapidly feeding on sugars in food particles trapped in these crevices. As they multiply, they release toxins that damage both the connective tissue holding teeth in place (periodontal ligament) and the bone surrounding roots (alveolar bone). This degeneration leads to:
- Receding gums: Infected gums will naturally pull away from teeth as infected tissue dies, and is lost due to disease progression.
- Tooth Sensitivity: Exposed tooth roots become more susceptible to decay and sensitivity.
- Loose or lost teeth: Teeth which once become mobile rarely have a chance of full recover. Proper and timely treatment and maintaining oral hygiene can prevent mobility and tooth loss.
Scaling followed by regular teeth polishing, Proper Hygiene, and occasional use of antibiotic mouthwashes is useful in prevention and treatment of gum infection and recession.